Portable hand tool



Nov. 29, 1927.. 1,650,911

F. scHNEuDx-:R

PORTABLE HAND TOOL unil y Nov. 29, 1927.

1,650,91 l F. SCHNEIDER PORTABLE HAND TOOL Filed May 9,

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 29, 1927..

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

FRANKLIN SCHNEIDER, OFVCLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE VAN DOBN ELEC- TRIO TOOL COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, .A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

PORTABLE HAND TOOL.

Application led Hay 9, 1923. ySerial No. 637,795.

The invention forming the vsubject matter.

of this application relates to portable hand tools of the power typeV and particularly to an arrangement which is adaptable as a 5 drill, a screw driver, a tapper and a Wrench.

` Power tools of a portable hand ty e have been made in the form of drills an screw drivers but in the instance of the screw drivers tlie controls usually have been by i a switch or clutch arranged in a manner such that the driving of the screw is not effectively accomplished. In other words the controls are such that the tool is incapablev of being used in a manner to follow i the well established practice utilized or followed in the driving or removal of a screw. It is a well known fact that screws cannot be set up tight by a continuous uninterrupted driving or turning motionbecause there is a tendency as the screw reaches home for the bit to jump lout of the slot and mar the work. ln order to prevent the bit from jumping the slot it is customary to release the drive upon the bit in order to permit it to reseat itself in the slot in the head of the screw and thereby obtain a fresh hold. lf the bit is not reseated from time to time it is apt to work up in the slot away from the bottom and cause a spreading of the portions of the head, in many instances resulting in the fracture of a portion of the head, whereas if the bit were reseated from time to time it would engage the portions of the head close to the bottom of the slot and fracture would be less apt to occur.

In the use of a device of this character for setting up or removing nuts from bolts substantially the same peculiarities of practice prevail and it is extremely important, in this, as in the other line of work, that the controls be sensitive so that when the nut is drawn up snug, relief of the motor may be quickly accomplished to prevent in jury thereto and also to the work. Furthermore, with a sensitive and effective control, the application of the entire power or force of the tool may be applied suddenly in setting up or removing nuts or bolts.

'In the use of the tool for tapping a sensitive and effective control is of extreme importance because a tap must be humored, especially in starting, otherwise the work or the tap is injured.

In devices of this character Where switches alone are used the operations, in use, are very unsatisfactory because it is difficult to stop the motor at the proper time and furthermore when the circuit is broken it is interrupted under maximum load which is in- Jurious to the motor brushes and switch mechanism. From the foregoing, it is obvious that the clutch type of machine or device is better adapted for the purpose and suoli arrangements have been made, but as a rule these devices have the clutch mechanism arranged upon the slow speed part, as for example, the tool spindle, as opposed to being arranged upon a high speed part, such as the motor shaft or a high speed gear. In the former practice, where the clutch is on the slow speed part, the action of the clutch is severe because it has a tendency to grab and is not sensitive. Furthermore the location of a clutch at this point, to'wit, upon the s lovv speed part, is very unsatisfactory in driving or removing screws, tapping and setting up nuts or studs, because the arrangement does not lend itself to the peculiar practice to which the workman has long been accustomed.

In view of the foregoing, the present invention relates to a motor driven hand tool for use as a power screw driver, tapper, or wrench. It includes suitable reduction gearing between a motor and the bit or wrench holding device and a clutch arranged at a point in this gearing such that it is effective on the high speed parts whereby it is eX- tremely effective and sensitive in operation, rendering the tool responsive to use in the same well known manner in which hand tools have been used upon screws, taps and wrenches.

Another feature of the invention is the arrangement of a switch actuated and controlled by the clutch operating member so the provision for suitable reverse gearingfor use in reversing the direction of the rotation of `the main work spindle for with'-l drawing screws, taps, or nuts.

Referring to the drawings,-Fig'.l 1 is a vertical sectional view throu h the device;

Hg. 1 is a detail view of t e clutch con-l tro l ever shown brokeiiaway in Fig.'1; Fig. 2 is a detail view of the control for the reverse mechanism' Fi 3 is a view looking at the tool end of the evice- -Fi 4 is a view in elevation looln'ng at the c utch control lever; Fig. 5 is a detail view looking downvx upon the switch when the cover is removed;

and Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the clutch control lever.

The main frame is lgenerally symmetrical and is indicated at 1. 4It receives the motor parts comprising a field frame structure 2 and an armature and brush structure generally indicated at 3 and yarranged upon a motor shaft 4 which is mounted in a suitable ball bearing structure, generally indicated at 5 and arranged in a suitable boss forming a part of an end head 6, here shofwn as being integral with the main frame. The

` mainframe at this point is providedwith a;V

rear gear housing iiange 7,.for receiving the transmission and clutch gear structure to be described and also providing a support for a handle or grip as will appear. y The flange 7 extends down below the cylindrical portion of rthe frame 1 so that the flanve in end elevation is substantially oval as s own in Fig. 3. Extending along what might be termed the bottom of the frame, as illustrated in Fig. 1, is a hollow tubular housing indicated at 8 for receiving the counteror jack shaft as will appear. The frame 1 is provided with a removable head 9 having a ball bearing structure indicated at 10 supporting the main motor shaft 4. This head 9 is integral with a front reduc,- ing ear housing 11' which extends downward y and seats against the tubular jack shaft housing 8. It also extends upwardly and engages the end of an extension 12 extending along the top of the main frame 1 and supporting a bearing for the main tool shaft as will more fully appear. The reducing gear housing 11 is provided with a suitable cover 13.

One of the main objects of the invention, as before stated, is the arrangement whereby generally indicated at 33 adapte the thrust on the side of the vto the clutch to be described.I

tablished use of hand devices for the same purposes. `In the present arrangement 14 `represents the main tool shaft which lisl mounted in a bearing 15 in the reducing ear housing 'cover 13 and in a relatively ong bearing 16 arranged in the extension 12. @The shaft 14is provided with a suitable tool i chuck structure 17 of any preferred construction adapted to holda screw driver bit 18, for example, or any of theI tools above referred to.v This shaft is slidable in its bearings and is provided at its inner end with a reduced portion 19 receiving a fixed collar` 2O held in place by a suitable in 21 and a loose collar 22 secured to a ra 'ally extending pin 23 extending through a suitable slot 24 formed in the'ex'tension 12 and the bearing 16. This slotis more or less Z shape, as shown in Fig. 2, and comprises a longitudinally extending portion 25 and oppositel' extending lateral rtions 26 and 27. -T e pin23 is provide' with a-suitable hand piece 2.8. Y l

The ,arrangementof these arts is such that the operator may ras t e hand piece 28 and move it from t e liill line position kshown-in Fig. 2 toward the longitudinal ortion of the slot 24; along the longitudinal portion to the left and then down into end 'portion 26. longitudinal. shifting an yshaft in either of two` positions and this movement accom lishes a reversal in the direction of rotation of the main shaft 14,

throughinechanism to be'described, and for the purpose of permitting the use of the tool lmotor shaft 4t rough reducing caring and clutch mechanism .and this mec anism will now be described.

Supported `u onthe motor shaft 4 and outside ofthe ed head 6 and toward the handle structurel toy be described is a main drivingvpinion 30 meshing with a gear 3l provided with a tubular hub 32 mounted in a bearing formedfin the main frame in alignment with lthe jack shaft housing "8. This gearran'd its hub are free to rotate with the motor pinion 30 and between the gear and the frame isathrust bearin structure d; to absorb gear opposite This mechanism and gearing just described is arran ed on the outside of the head 6 and the c utch housing flange 7 and This arrangement permits a holding of the is enclosed by a suitable clutch housing 34 secured to the main frame in any suitable manner. This housing carries a rearwardly and upwardly extending hollow handle or grip portion 35 which extends upwardly, as shown in Fig. l and is provided at its upper end with a flat switch receiving pad 36 extending forwardly and thence downwardly to the main frame in a hollow arm 37. The object of the hollow arm 37 and the switch mechanism and details of the handle will be described later.

Mounted in the clutch housing is a suitable jack shaft bearing 38 in axial alignment with the gear 31 and adapted to support a counter or jack shaft 39 extending through the tubular bearing portion 32 of gear 3l and through the counter or jack shaft housing 8 at the front or opposite end of the entire structure where it is supported in a bearing 40 in the jack shaft housing 8 and in a bearing 41 in the front reducing gear housing cover 13. 'lhis shaft extends beyond this cover and is provided with a utility chuck structure generally indicated at 42 and of any desirable or preferred .construction. This shaft 39 is slidable in its bearings and is provided at the clutch housing end with a clutch hub 43 secured to the shaft and carrying suitable arms 44 provided with friction blocks 45. Secured to the arms 44 are suitable spring tongues 4G adapted to yieldingly press against the face of the gear 31 and tend to move the shaft 39 with the friction blocks 45 to the right thereby disengaging the clutch. The clutch hub 43 forms a stop against the bearing 38 and limits the outward movement of the clutch. It is obvious from the foregoing that when the shaft 39 is moved toward the gear 31 the friction blocks 45 will engage the gear and cause the drive of the shaft 39.

Within the reducing gear housing 11, the shaft 39 is provided with a wide faced pinion 46 adaptedto mesh in all of its positions with a gear 47 in driving relation with a pnion 48 supported upon a shaft 49 arranged in the head 9 and cover 13. The pinion 48 meshes with a gear 50 upon a shaft 51 supported in the same parts. This gear 50 meshes directly with the gear 29 on the main tool shaft when it is in proper position or in other words, when it is to the r'ght, as shown in Fig. l. We will assume that when the gears are in this position the tool is rotated in the proper direction to drive a screw, or tap or set up a nut upon a screw or stud. In other words, this is the direct drive from the motor.

In order to accomplish the reversal of the main tool shaft 14, the gear 50, at all times, meshes with a back pinion 52 having a fixed driving relation with respect to another pinion 53 which is somewhat larger but is arranged to mesh with the gear 29 when it is moved out of en agement with the gear 50 or in other wor s, when the gear 29 is moved to the left in Fig. 1.

From the foregoing it is obvious that the motor may be allowed to run and the power of the motor may be transmitted through the clutch and gearing described to drive the main tool spindle or shaft at a reducing speed at great power for use in the various lines of work already emphasized. It is clear that the reversal is readily accomplished by merely changing the position of the main tool shaft through the slot and pin structure arranged in the extension 12.

lt is also clear that the utility shaft chuck 42 may be utilized for drilling or other purposes where the first reduction in gearing from the pinion 30 and gear 31 is sufficient and that the application of the power to this shaft is controlled through the clutch. This utility chuck is very useful for drilling holes fffor screws which are afterwards set up by a screw driver bit carried by the main tool shaft.

The handle or grip portion 35 is hollow and opens in a slot 54, at the rear end. It receives a clutch control lever 55 pivoted upon a pin 55Ll sealed in place just below the right hand end of the shaft 39 as shown in Fig. 1. This lever has a shoulder 56 above the pin for engagement with a ball 57 mount- 36 is suitable switch mechanism which comprises an insulating strip (30 secured to the pad and provided with an upwardly extending insulating block G1 having secured on either side thereof contacts G2 and 63 which are connect-ed to the two wires 64 and 65, respectively. These wires are in one side of the circuit to the motor or in other words this switch is inserted in one of the leads coming in through the supply cable 66 which enters a suitable tubular inlet member 67 at the junction of the hollow arm 37 with the clutch housing, as shown in Fig. 4. The hollow arm 37 is used for wiring the switch in the circuit. Any suitable and desirable wiring diagram may be employed and it is obvious how the parts and the arrangement thereof may be utilized in carrying out any preferred diagram.

The circuit is closed through the contacts 62 and G3 by a bridge block 68 secured by lli insulating strips 69 to the upper end of the clutch lever 55.

' invention in this case because it obviates or does away with the breaking of the circuit to the motor when under full load. In other words, the motor is merely running idly when the switch is either opened or closed, which materially. increases the life of the switch mechanism and the commutator of the motor because dangerous and injurious arcing is avoided.

By having the head 9 solid wit respect to the reduction gear housing 11, oil and grease in this housing cannot Work into the motor.

What I claim is: f

1. In a motor `hand tool, a motor, a tool spindle, an element driven by the motor, a clutch between said motor and element, and reduction caring between said element and tool spinde whereby the clutch is eifective between high speed parts and in consequence thereof is sensitive to the action of the tool spindle.

2. In a motor .hand tool, a motor and tool spindle an element driven by the motor, a clutchy etween said motor and', element, reduction gearing between said driven element and the tool spindle whereby the clutch is effective between high'speed parts and in consequence thereof is sensitive to the action of the tool shaft, and means for reversing the tool shaft. l

3. In a motor hand tool, a motor and tool spindle, an element drivenby the motor, a clutch between said motor and element, reduction gearing between said driven element and the tool spindle lwherebythe clutch is effective between high speed parts and in consequence 'thereof is sensitive to the action of the tool shaft, means for reversing the tool shaft, and means operatable by the operator for selecting the direction of rotation of the tool shaft. F .v

"4. Ina motor hand tool', a frame, a motor mounted in said frame, a tool spindle projecting from one end of'said frame for ready use upon the work, a handle or grip at the opposite end of said frame, suitable driving connections between the motor and tool shaft, and a' hand operated device 'associated with said handle or rip for interrupting the drive through sai driving connections. A

5. In a -motor hand tool, a frame, la motor mounted in said frame, a tool spindle projecting from one endof said frame for ready use upon the work, a handle or Ii at the o i't P posite end of said frame, suitab iving contrain of reduction n'ections between the motor and tool shaft, and a hand operated lclutch associated with said handle or grip for interrupting the drive through said driving connections.

6. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame, a tool spindle projecting from the front end of said frame in ready position for use upon the Work, a handle or grip arranged upon the opposlte end of said frame, suitable driving connections froin the motor and extending from the rear end of the frame to the front end for driving the spindle, means for interrupting the drive through said connections and located adjacent the handle or rip, and a hand controller associated with t e grip for operating said interrupting means.

7. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame, a tool spindle projecting from the front end of sald frame in read position for use upon the Work, a han le or grip arranged upon the opposite end of said frame, suitable drivin connections from the motor and. extending from the rear end of the frame to the front end for driving the s indle, clutch means for interrupting the rive through said connections and located adjacent said handle or grip, and a hand operated device associated with said handle or grip for operating and controlling said interrupting means.

8. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a handle or grip on the rear end of said frame, a motor in said frame having a driving member adjacent said handle4 or grip, a reduction gear housing arranged on the front end of said frame, a tool spindle supported by the frame and projecting therefrom for ready use upon the work, reduction gearing in said housing, a reargear housing, caring in said housing driven by said motor `riving member, driving connections between the rear gearing and the front gearing and including a clutch, and means for operating said clutch.

9. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a motor mounted therein, a plurality of tool shafts, suitable driving connections between the motor and said shafts, and a single clutch for controlling the drive to both of said shafts.

l0. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame, a main tool shaft, a caring between said main tool shaft and t e motor, a utility or second shaft connected to said train between the main tool shaft and the motor, and suitable clutch mechanism in said train adjacent the motor.

11. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame, a main tool shaft, a

train of reduction gearing between said cent the motor, said train ofv gearing also including means for reversing the direction of rotation of one of said shafts.

12. In a motor hand tool, a frame, a motor mounted in said frame, a main tool shaft a train of reduction gearing between said main tool shaft and the motor, a utility or Second shaft connected to said train between the main tool shaft and the motor, suitable clutch mechanism in said train adjacent the 10 motor, and means in said train of gearing between the second shaft and main shaft and controllable at will for reversing the direction of rotation of the main shaft.

In testimony whereof I hereby aiix my 15 signature.

FRANKLIN SCHNEIDER. 

